Access control systems are a form of physical or digital security that manages who or what can access certain resources, such as data, apps, or buildings. Access control systems are essential for protecting sensitive information, preventing unauthorized entry, and ensuring compliance and safety. There are different types of access control systems, such as discretionary, mandatory, role-based, and attribute-based, that grant access based on different criteria and policies. The access control system verifies the identity and the level of access of the user or device, and either grants or denies the access based on predefined rules and conditions. In this article, we will explain what access control systems work are, what are the benefits of using them, and what are the challenges and best practices for implementing them.
Access control systems work by identifying, authenticating, and authorizing users or devices based on their credentials and the context of the access request. The access control system also records and monitors the access events for auditing and reporting purposes. Access control systems are a vital component of security that can help businesses and organizations achieve their goals and objectives. By understanding what access control systems are and what are the advantages and disadvantages of using them. You can make informed decisions and optimize your access control strategy.
Types of Access Control Systems
There are different types of access control systems based on the level of security and convenience they offer. The main types are:
Discretionary Access Control (DAC):
This is the simplest and most flexible type of access control system, where the owner of the resource can decide who can access it and how. The owner can assign permissions to the users or groups of users, such as read, write, delete, etc. The owner can also revoke or modify the permissions at any time. However, this type also has the lowest level of security, as the owner may not be aware of the potential risks or threats, or the users may share or misuse their credentials. An example of DAC is a shared folder on a computer network, where the owner can grant or deny access to other users.
Mandatory Access Control (MAC):
This is the most secure and rigid type of access control system, where access to the resource is determined by a central authority. The authority can define the access rules and policies based on the classification of the resource and the users, such as confidential, secret, top secret, etc. The users cannot change or override the access rules and policies, and they can only access the resource if they have the appropriate clearance and need. However, this type also has the lowest level of convenience, as the authority may not be able to respond to the changing needs or situations of the users. The users may have to go through a complex and lengthy process to obtain the access.
Role-Based Access Control (RBAC):
This is a moderate and popular type of access control system, where access to the resource is based on the roles and responsibilities of the users, such as manager, employee, customer, etc. The roles can be defined by the owner or the authority, and they can be assigned to the users or groups of users. The roles can also have different levels of access, such as full, partial, or none. The users can only access the resource if they have the appropriate role and level. However, this type also has some limitations, such as the difficulty of defining and managing the roles, or the lack of flexibility and granularity of the access. An example of RBAC is a bank or a hospital, where access to the resource is based on the roles of the staff and the clients.
Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC):
This is the most advanced and dynamic type of access control system, where access to the resource is based on the attributes of the users, the resource, and the environment, such as age, location, time, device, etc. The attributes can be defined by the owner or the authority, and they can be assigned to the users or the resource. The attributes can also have different values, such as numerical, categorical, or logical. The users can access the resource if they satisfy the access rules and policies. However, this type also has some challenges, such as the complexity and scalability of the system, or the privacy and security of the attributes.
Components of Access Control Systems Installed by Patriot Locksmith
Patriot Locksmith is a company that specializes in installing, repairing, and maintaining access control systems for various clients and settings. Patriot Locksmith can install the following four main components of access control systems for you. Let’s explore the table which describes the components of access control system:
| Component | Description | Example |
| Credentials | Data that identifies and authenticates a user. | PIN codes, key cards, fingerprints, smartphones. |
| Reader | Device that scans and converts credentials into a universal protocol. | PIN pad, mag strip reader, RFID scanner, fingerprint scanner. |
| Lock | Mechanism that secures and releases the door. | Electrified strike, electrified handle, maglock, crash bar. |
| Controller | Device that stores and manages the whitelist of authorized users and decides whether to grant or deny access. | On-site server, cloud-based server, access control panel. |
| DPI (optional) | Sensor that detects the status of the door (open or closed). | Magnetic switch monitored maglock. |
| REX (optional) | Device that allows users to exit without credentials. | Push button, motion sensor, exit bar. |
Subjects:
These are the entities that request access to the resource, such as users, devices, applications, etc. Patriot Locksmith can help you identify and register the subjects that are authorized to access the resource, as well as assign them the appropriate credentials, such as cards, passwords, PINs, biometrics, etc. Patriot Locksmith can also help you monitor and manage the subjects, such as updating, deleting, or suspending them.
Objects:
These are the entities that are accessed by the subjects, such as doors, gates, files, databases, etc. Patriot Locksmith can help you install and secure the objects that you want to protect, as well as connect them to the readers, controllers, and locks. Patriot Locksmith can also help you classify and label the objects, such as public, private, restricted, etc., as well as define the access rules and policies for them, such as who, what, when, where, how, etc.
Rules:
These are the conditions and constraints that govern the access to the objects by the subjects, such as permissions, roles, attributes, etc. Patriot Locksmith can help you create and implement the rules that suit your needs and preferences, as well as the type of access control system that you choose, such as DAC, MAC, RBAC, or ABAC. Patriot Locksmith can also help you update and modify the rules, as well as enforce and audit them.
Enforcement Mechanisms:
These are the methods and processes that execute the access decision based on the rules, such as granting, denying, or revoking access. Patriot Locksmith can help you install and operate the enforcement mechanisms that ensure the security and convenience of the access. Patriot Locksmith can also help you troubleshoot and maintain the enforcement mechanisms, as well as provide you with reports and feedback.
How to Pick the Most Suitable Access Control System
An access control system can secure your premises and make it easy for your users to access them. However, you need to pick the best system for your situation. To guide you in choosing wisely, follow these tips:
Assess Your Needs
Before you choose a system, you need to know what you want and need. Think about these factors:
Budget: Remember that the initial cost includes installation, hardware, and software, but you also need to pay for maintenance and support.
Security Level: High-security environments may need more advanced systems, while lower-security areas can use simpler solutions.
Convenience: Systems that are too strict can reduce productivity, while systems that are too easy can risk safety.
Scalability: Will your system handle more users, doors, or locations?
Compatibility: How well will the system work with your existing infrastructure (e.g., CCTV, alarms, fire systems)?
Maintenance: How much will it cost and how easy will it be to maintain and update the system?
Choose the Type of Access Control System
Based on your needs, you can choose from four main types of access control systems:
- Discretionary Access Control (DAC): This type gives you flexibility and lets you trust your users to make access decisions.
- Mandatory Access Control (MAC): This type gives you strict control and lets you have a central authority managing access.
- Role-Based Access Control (RBAC): This type gives you a balance between security and convenience.
- Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC): This type gives you dynamic and context-aware access control.
Evaluate Service Providers
You need a reliable service provider like Patriot Locksmith to help you install and maintain your system. Look for these qualities:
- Experience: How long have they been in the business of installing and maintaining access control systems?
- Expertise: How well do they understand your specific needs, and can they recommend the right solution?
- References: What do their previous customers say about their work and service?
- Support: Do they offer ongoing support, emergency services, and regular system updates?
Implement and Maintain the System
After you choose a system and a service provider, you need to work with them to implement and maintain the system. Follow these steps:
- Installation and Configuration: Make sure the system is installed and configured properly. This will ensure optimal performance and functionality.
- Testing: Test the system thoroughly to make sure it meets your requirements and expectations.
- Training: Teach your staff how to use the system and follow security practices.
- Maintenance and Upgrades: Keep the system in good condition and up to date.
Video Guidance:
Here is a video guidance for you to understand the access control system:
Conclusion
Access control systems are essential for protecting your digital and physical assets from unauthorized access. They work by identifying, verifying, and authorizing users based on various factors, such as credentials, roles, attributes, and context. You can also monitor and audit the activities of your users and prevent potential breaches. There are different types of access control systems, such as discretionary, mandatory, role-based, and attribute-based. Each one has its advantages and disadvantages, depending on your needs and preferences. Access control systems are not only a security measure, but also a business enabler.
If you are looking for a reliable and professional service provider for your access control system needs, you should consider Patriot Locksmith. Patriot Locksmith is a company that has experience, expertise, references, and support in installing and maintaining access control systems. They can understand your specific needs and recommend the right solution for you. Patriot Locksmith is your trusted partner for access control systems. Visit their website www.patriotlocksmithks.com to schedule a consultation. Secure your premises today!